Disease introduction Pulmonary artery stenosis
- The pulmonary artery is the main blood vessel that carries blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs and is responsible for carrying blood containing carbon dioxide to the lungs for gas exchange.
- Pulmonary Artery Stenosis (PAS) is a condition in which the pulmonary artery is partially or completely narrow
Etiology and incidence--Congenital
The causes of pulmonary artery stenosis can be divided into two categories: congenital and acquired:
- Congenital pulmonary stenosis (pulmonary stenosis due to congenital heart disease accounts for about 8-12% of all congenital heart diseases
- The most common type, which usually occurs at birth, can be due to pulmonary artery dysplasia or associated with other heart defects.
- Congenital diseases such as "pulmonary stenosis" are common and present as a narrowing of opening area of the pulmonary valve.
Etiology and incidence--Acquired
The causes of pulmonary artery stenosis can be divided into two categories: congenital and acquired:
- Acquired pulmonary artery stenosis
- In patients with Takayasu's Arteritis, the proportion of pulmonary artery involvement is about 15-50%, and a significant proportion of these are manifested as pulmonary artery stenosis.
- In patients with Kawasaki Disease, although coronary artery involvement is more common, a small number of patients may also develop pulmonary artery stenosis.
- Latrogenic or postoperative pulmonary artery stenosis: Postoperative pulmonary artery stenosis is a common complication in patients undergoing congenital heart disease correction (e.g., tetralogy of Fallot repair) or pulmonary artery interventional therapy (e.g. stenting, balloon dilation), occurring in 20%-30% of patients, especially in children.